TL;DR Quick answer
Using controlled heat on small sensory nerves to interrupt pain signals from joints. It is commonly used for chronic back pain, neck pain and knee pain. The procedure takes about 45–90 minutes and is day care. Suitability is decided after a specialist assessment.
Medically reviewed by Dr. Nikhilesh Samudrala — Consultant Pain Physician View full profile →
About Radiofrequency Ablation
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) uses a precise heat lesion to interrupt the small nerves that carry pain from a joint, most often the facet joints of the spine or the knee. It is usually offered after a positive diagnostic nerve block.
| Key facts | Details |
|---|---|
| Duration | 45–90 minutes |
| Anaesthesia | Local, sometimes light sedation |
| Guidance | X-ray (fluoroscopy) |
| Hospital stay | Day care, home the same day |
| Relief | Often lasts many months |
| Commonly used for | Chronic Back Pain, Neck Pain, Knee Pain |
| Who to see | Dr. Nikhilesh Samudrala, Consultant Pain Physician |
Benefits
- No surgical incision
- Day-care procedure: home the same day
- Precise, image-guided placement
- Can be combined with rehabilitation
Before the procedure
A diagnostic block is usually done first to confirm that these nerves are the source of pain. Inform the clinic about blood thinners and pacemakers or other implants.
During the procedure
Under local anaesthetic, a special needle is placed next to the target nerve using X-ray guidance. The position is checked with electrical stimulation before the nerve is treated.
After the procedure
Soreness for one to two weeks is common. Relief often lasts many months; because nerves can regrow, the procedure may be repeated.
Risks and safety
Risks include temporary increase in pain, numbness of the overlying skin, infection and, rarely, nerve injury.
Myths and facts
Myth Injections near the spine or nerves are very painful.
Fact The skin is numbed first. Most people feel pressure and brief discomfort.
Myth One injection fixes the problem for good.
Fact The effect varies. Some people need a repeat procedure, and most benefit from exercise and follow-up as well.
| Condition | What it is | Typical symptoms |
|---|---|---|
| Chronic Back Pain | Back pain that lasts longer than three months, often affecting sleep, work and movement. | A constant dull ache or episodes of sharp pain; stiffness, especially in the morning or after sitting |
| Neck Pain | Persistent pain and stiffness in the neck, sometimes spreading to the shoulders, arms or head. | Stiffness and reduced range of movement; pain spreading to the shoulder blades |
| Knee Pain | Long-standing knee pain from arthritis or other causes that limits walking and daily activity. | Pain on walking, climbing stairs or standing up; stiffness after rest |
Patient guides
Questions patients ask
Is radiofrequency ablation painful?
It is done under local anaesthetic. Soreness for one to two weeks afterwards is common.
This page is for general information. Whether a treatment is suitable for you is decided after an individual consultation.